The Aassociation between Pre-Cardiac Arrest Comorbidity and Unsuccessful Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patients with Cardiac Arrest

Background and Objective: Patients suffering from cardiac arrest (CA) have poor prognosis and survival. The association of pre-arrest comorbidity with unsuccessful resuscitation in patients with CA is far from clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between pre-existing comorbidity and unsuccessful resuscitation following CA in Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: Data of all the patients with CA (1320 patients) who were admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital (Tehran, Iran), and underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from 2018 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed the association of comorbidity data with the mortality rate and unsuccessful CPR. Results: In the present study, 794 (60.2%) patients were female. Most CAs occurred in the hospital (1289). The case fatality rate (CFR) of CA was 69.92%. Additionally, of the 1320 patients, CPR was unsuccessful in 1271 (96.3%) patients. Our data analysis revealed that gender had no significant relationship with the mortality rate and unsuccessful CPR. However, age was significantly associated with mortality, but not with unsuccessful CPR. CA, respiratory distress, and impaired consciousness were significantly associated with mortality. Furthermore, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), renal disease (P=0.032), and poisoning had a significant correlation with mortality. In addition, CABG and congestive heart failure (CHF) were significantly correlated with the unsuccessful CPR. Conclusion: The present study suggested that CABG and CHF had a significant relationship with unsuccessful resuscitation. Furthermore, cardiomyopathy, CABG, renal disease, and poisoning were significantly associated with mortality.